ZK applications submit proofs to Aligned for verification.
A large number of proofs are batched for efficient verification.
Two-thirds of the operator must agree the batch is correct.
A large number of proofs are posted to a single ETH block.
ZK apps and services submit proofs to Aligned for verification via CLI or SDK to be verified.
The Aligned batcher collects proofs to be verified en-masse by our decentralized network of operators.
Once a batch is large enough, each operators (Ethereum validators) download and verify the proofs individually.
If all the proofs in a batch are successfully verified, the operators sign messages with BLS signatures attesting to correct verification.
If at least two-thirds of the operator set provide signatures that the batch is correct, Aligned aggregates the signatures together and posts the batch to Ethereum.
The aggregated BLS signature is verified on Ethereum, fitting a large number of proofs into a single block, and enabling use of this data in downstream smart contract logic.
No. Aligned is a vertically integrated stack for building applications on a verifiable internet. However, our stack offers one-click solutions for rollups, as well as wallets, and several ZK services.
Aligned suite of products and services includes: ZK Verification Layer (Proof Verification Layer and Proof Aggregation Service), Rollup-as-a-Service Platform, Meta-Proving Services, Interoperability Protocol, and Wallet-as-a-Service infrastructure.
Verifiable computation allows developers to build applications that help Ethereum scale or even create applications that were not possible before, with enhanced privacy properties. We believe the future of Ethereum will be shaped by zero-knowledge proofs and help it increase its capabilities.
Aligned’s Proof Verification Layer runs the verifier’s code natively. The verification time depends on the proof system, program run, and public input. Generally, most verifiers can be run in the order of ms on consumer-end hardware. We can optimize the code for speed and leverage parallelization by running it natively. Current testnet can verify more than 2500 proofs per second.
Ethereum runs on top of the EVM. Each block is limited to 30,000,000 gas. Since the most efficient proof systems take at least 250,000 gas, Ethereum can verify 120 proofs per block. Aligned runs the code natively and leverages parallelization, reaching 30,000 proofs in the same period.
Aligned provides proof aggregation as part of its Proof Aggregation Service, a feature shared with all aggregation layers. However, Aligned offers a unique Proof Verification Layer designed to provide cheap and low-latency proof verification, secured by restaked ETH.
Aligned’s stack is designed to support any proof system. Currently supported ones are Groth16 and Plonk (gnark), SP1, Risc0, and Circom.
The Proof Verification Layer is designed to offer very cheap verification costs and low latency. It uses crypto-economic guarantees provided by restaking; costs can be as low as 2100 gas. The Proof Aggregation Service uses recursive proof aggregation, achieving the complete security of Ethereum, but with slightly higher fees and latency. We verify an aggregated BLS signature (around 113,000 gas) in our Proof Verification Layer. We verify an aggregated proof (around 300,000 gas) in our Proof Aggregation Service. Together, these two services form our ZK verification layer which offers developers different options for reducing proof verification costs on Ethereum, depending on their scale and security requirements.
Yes. You can check our repo and other frequently asked questions on our GitHub page below.